Volume 23, Issue 2 (6-2026)
jor 2026, 23(2): 193-213 |
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Teimoori S, Hosseinzadeh Lotfi F, Najafi S E, Rafiei N. p-Robust Optimization of a Hazardous Waste Location–Routing Problem Considering Risk Response Actions. jor 2026; 23 (2) :193-213
URL: http://jamlu.lahijan.iau.ir/article-1-2237-en.html
URL: http://jamlu.lahijan.iau.ir/article-1-2237-en.html
Department of Mathematics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran , Hosseinzadeh_lotfi@srbiau.ac.ir
Abstract: (118 Views)
Hazardous waste management systems must be designed in a manner that simultaneously controls operational costs, addresses uncertainty, and mitigates environmental risks. This study develops a two-stage mixed-integer location–routing model for hazardous waste management in which facility location, transportation, treatment, recycling, and disposal decisions are integrated within a unified optimization framework. In the first stage, a nominal location–routing model minimizes total system costs. In the second stage, uncertainty in hazardous waste generation is addressed through a scenario-based p-robust optimization approach. In addition, primary and secondary environmental risks and their corresponding response actions are explicitly incorporated into the model. A real-world case study from an Iranian waste management organization is used to evaluate the proposed approach. Computational results demonstrate that the p-robust model effectively manages uncertainty under optimistic, likely, and pessimistic scenarios while increasing total system cost by only about 6% compared with the nominal solution. The findings also reveal that secondary risks significantly influence the selection of appropriate responses to primary risks, emphasizing the importance of integrated risk management in hazardous waste systems.
Keywords: Hazardous Waste Management, Location–Routing Problem, p-Robust Optimization, Scenario-Based Uncertainty, Primary and Secondary Risks, Risk Response Actions.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/04/10 | Accepted: 2024/08/29 | Published: 2026/06/22
Received: 2024/04/10 | Accepted: 2024/08/29 | Published: 2026/06/22
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